Bistra Vinarova

Bistra Vinarova (Bulgarian; 6 Ngwanatsele 1890 -15 Moranang 1977) e ne e le motaki wa kwa Bulgaria mme

Bistra Vinarova
taken at a reception during their diplomatic term in Washington, D. C.
Tsalo	(1890-11-06)6 Ngwanatsele 1890 Sofia in the Principality of Bulgaria of the Ottoman Empire
Leso	Sofia in the Principality of Bulgaria of the Ottoman Empire Sofia, People's Republic of Bulgaria
Letso	Bulgarian
Tiro	artist
Dingwaga tsa a le mo tirong	1915–1963
O itsegi ka	first Bulgarian woman of the expressionist school

gantsi o kaiwa e le mosadi wa ntlha wa kwa Bulgaria wa mokgwa wa expressionist. E re ka a ne a thapisitswe kwa Bulgaria, Jeremane, mme moragonyana kwa Austria, o ne a itse batho ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba le mo setlhopheng sa baitseanape ba dibuka le ba botaki mo masimologong a lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga. E re ka a ne a nyetswe ke morongwa, tiro ya gagwe e ne ya kgorelediwa ke go tsaya maeto le go dira tiro ya go nna moamogedi wa baeng. Fa a sena go boela kwa Bulgaria ka 1940, o ne a simolola go taka gape. Ka nako nngwe, puso ya sepolotiki e ne e sa tlhole e ba amogela mmogo le monna wa gagwe, mme moragonyana mo botshelong jwa gagwe, o ne a tlotlomadiwa ka dikgele di le mmalwa tsa bosetšhaba ka ntlha ya ditiro tsa gagwe tsa botaki.

Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele

Bistra Vinarova, yo o neng a itsiwe jaaka Nona, o tshotswe ka 6 Ngwanatsele 1890 kwa Sofia, e ka nako eo e neng e le karolo ya Puso ya Bulgaria ya Mmusomogolo wa Ottoman. Batsadi ba gagwe e ne e le Elsa (née Valkovicha) le General Varban Vinarov (bg). Rremogolo wa gagwe wa mmaagwe, Georgi Valkovich e ne e le ngaka e e itsegeng mme rremogolo wa gagwe wa mmaagwe e ne e le Valko Kurtovic Chalakov (Bulgarian), leloko la lelapa la Chalakov (bg), ba ba neng ba thusa motse wa Plovdiv go tloga ka nako ya Tsosoloso ya Bosetšhaba, ba aga dikokelo le dikereke mo motseng. Fa Vinarova a ntse a gola kwa Sofia, o ne a ithuta le motaki yo o itsegeng thata e bong Elisaveta Konsulova-Vazova, yo moragonyana a neng a aloga kwa Munich Academy of Fine Arts. Ka 1906, lelapa le ne la fudugela kwa Vienna, kwa rraagwe a neng a tlhokafala teng dingwaga di le pedi moragonyana. Ka 1910, Vinarova o ne a kopana le monna wa gagwe wa isago, Simeon Radev, fa a ne a tla go botsolotsa mmaagwe, jaaka motlholagadi wa General Vinarov, ka buka e a neng a e baakanyetsa ya Builders of Modern Bulgaria.

Ka 1911, Vinarova o ne a fudugela kwa Dresden, go tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe le Ferdinand Dorsch. O ne a nna karolo ya setlhopha sa German expressionist se se itsegeng jaaka Die Brücke mme a nna le seabe mo dipontshong tsa bone. Morago ga go ithuta dingwaga di le tlhano o ne a fudugela kwa Munich mme a simolola go ithuta le Hans Hofmann, kwa a neng a nna teng go fitlha ka 1918. Vinarova o ne a itsege mo gare ga setlhopha sa European avant-garde Expressionist se se neng se akaretsa bataki ba ba jaaka Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüller, Oskar Kokoschka le bataki ba kwa Bulgaria e bong Bencho Obreshkov le George Papazov, gareng ga ba bangwe. O ne a kwalelana le Rainer Maria Rilke, yo a neng a kopane le ene ka tshoganetso kwa dipontshong tsa ga Rodin. Bobedi jwa bone ba ne ba nna ditsala mme Rilke o ne a mo neela maboko a le mmalwa. Fa a boela kwa Vienna, o ne a ithuta kwa Vienna Women's Academy [de], a ithutetse botaki jwa ditshwantsho.

Tiro

Vinarova o simolotse go bontsha ditiro tsa gagwe ka 1915, mme a nna le seabe mo dipontshong di le dintsi.O ne a dira ditiro ka mefuta e e farologaneng ya media go akaretsa le oli le watercolor mmogo le mefuta e e akaretsang go taka ditshwantsho, botaki jwa ditshwantsho, go taka le go betla logong. E ne e le mongwe wa bataki ba ntlha ba Ba-Bulgarian ba ba neng ba bontsha maikutlo a bone, e bile e ne e le mosadi wa ntlha yo o itsegeng yo o neng a taka ka mokgwa ono. Ka ngwaga wa 1922, o ne a tshwara dipontsho tsa gagwe kwa Vienna, tse di neng tsa sekasekwa ke Nikos Kazantzakis a baka talente ya gagwe. Kazantzakis, yo o kwadileng Zorba the Greek o ne a rata Vinarova mme ka nako nngwe o ne a mo kopa gore a mo nyale, le fa a ne a gana.Mo ngwageng o o latelang, morago ga dingwaga di le lesome le boraro ba ntse ba ratana, Vinarova le Radev ba ne ba nyalana kwa Constantinople.

Bontsi jwa ditiro tsa ga Vinarova di bontsha mokgwa wa segompieno wa go tlhalosa le go fetofetoga ga mmala ka tsela e e boreledi fa gare ga mebala ya gagwe e e kopaneng, e gantsi e neng e le ka mebala e e botala, botala le bohibidu. Ditiro tsa gagwe di ne di itsege ka mokgwa wa tsone o o sa tlwaelegang, bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go kgona go bona tsela e dilo tsa tlholego di tsamayang ka yone, le go sa tlhomamisege ga kamano ya motho le tlholego. Dingwe tsa tsone, tse di jaaka Синята църква (Blue Church, 1916), Пазар (Market, 1963), kgotsa Градина в Калофер (Garden in Kalofer) di bontsha bontle jwa naga e e mo dikologileng. Tse dingwe e ne e le tsa batho ba ba sa aparang, tsa dithunya kgotsa maungo, mme o ne a dira ditshwantsho di le dintsi, go akaretsa le tse di lesome tsa monna wa gagwe, morwarraagwe, le tsa morwawe, ditshwantsho tsa batho ba ba itsegeng, mmogo le ditshwantsho di le mmalwa tsa gagwe ka boene

E re ka monna wa gagwe e ne e le morongwa, Vinarova o ne a fetsa dingwaga di le masome a mabedi a ntse a fuduga. Fa gare ga 1925 le 1940, ba ne ba nna kwa The Hague kwa Netherlands, Ankara kwa Turkey, mme morago ba fetsa dingwaga di le robedi kwa United States. Go tswa foo, ba ne ba fudugela kwa Fora; mme morago ba nna kwa Lontone; Geneva, Switzerland; mme kwa bofelong ba nna kwa Brussels, Belgium. O ne a itsege thata ka go nna montle le ka go nna motlotlo ka Washington, D.C. C. days, o ne a dira modumo fa a ne a tlhagelela kwa moletlong mongwe wa boemedi a apere seaparo se se nang le crinoline se se dirilweng ka mokgwa wa Puso ya Bobedi ya Fora. Mo nakong eno, Vinarova o ne a se ke a taka, mme o ne a tswelela ka tiro ya gagwe fa banyalani ba ne ba bilediwa kwa Bulgaria ka 1940 ke Georgi Kyoseivanov. Morago ga coup d'état ya kwa Bulgaria ka 1944, Vinarova le Radev ba ne ba ntshiwa mo botshelong jwa setšhaba mme ba thibelwa go tsenela ditiro tsa sepolotiki kgotsa tsa loago. Ditiro tsa ga Vinarova di ne tsa thibelwa go bontshiwa kwa dipontshong mme monna wa gagwe o ne a lelekwa mo tirong. Go ne go le bokete gore a bone tiro ka gonne o ne a sa batle go dumelana le mokwalo wa gagwe wa hisetori le kgopolo ya lekoko. O ne a tswelela go dira botaki go fitlha ka 1963, fa a ne a latlhegelwa ke go dirisa letsogo la gagwe la molema mme a lwala thata go ka tswelela a dira.[ Kwa bofelong jwa botshelo jwa gagwe, Vinarova o ne a tlotliwa ka go amogela Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius gabedi (1963 le 1970) mme moragonyana a amogela Red Flag of Labor.

loso le boswa

Vinarova o ne a tlhokafala ka 15 Moranang 1977 kwa Sofia. Ka 2010, morwa wa gagwe, Traian Radev (bg) o ne a ntsha moneelo wa setlhopha sa botaki sa lelapa se se nang le ditiro tse di fetang 740 tsa ga Vinarova, go akaretsa ditshwantsho tse 200, le ditiro tse 90 tsa ga Otto Dix, Felixmüller, Obreshkov, Panayot Todorov Hristov (yo o itsegeng jaaka Motsamai wa Khutsana ka Se-Bulgaria: Сирак Скитник), Konstantin Shtarkelov le ba bangwe, go Central State Archive (bg). Morago ga go rulaganya kgoboketso, Bulgarian National Gallery e ne ya tshwara dipontsho tsa ditiro tsa ga Vinarova, tse bontsi jwa tsone di neng di ise di bonwe ke setšhaba, ka Lwetse 2013. Ka 2016, go ne ga bontshiwa tiro ya ga Vinarova lekgetlo la bobedi ka segopotso sa dingwaga di le 65 tsa Central Archive. Bontsi jwa ditiro tseno di ne tsa tsosolosiwa mo porojekeng e e neng e kopanetswe e e neng e duelelwa ke thulaganyo ya Norway ya go boloka dilo tsa botaki le bokgoni jwa badiri ba Bulgaria National Art Gallery.