Maseru
Maseru ke motsemogolo ebile gape ke toropokgolo ya Lesotho. Gape ke motsemogolo wa Kgaolo ya Maseru. Go tswa mo Nokeng ya Caledon, Maseru o iphaphathile mo Molelwane wa Lesotho le Afrika Borwa. Maseru o ne a na le baagi ba le 330,760 mo palong ya batho ya 2016. Toropo e e ne ya tlhomiwa jaaka kampa ya mapodisi mme ya tlhophiwa go nna motsemogolo morago ga gore lefatshe le le sirelediwe ke puso ya Boritane ka 1869. Fa lefatshe le le tsaya boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966, Maseru o ne a tswelela go nna tswelela motsemogolo. Leina la motse o ka puo ya Sesotho le raya "maje a ahibidu a motlhaba".[1][2]
Maseru | |
|---|---|
   .jpg) Top: Downtown Maseru; Middle: Our Lady of Victories Cathedral, Basotho Hat Shop; Bottom: Honeymoon Park, Lesotho Parliament Building | |
  Maseru  Maseru | |
| Coordinates: 29°19′S 27°29′E / 29.31°S 27.48°E | |
| Country | Lesotho |
| District | Maseru |
| Constituency | Maseru |
| Established | 1869 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 138 km2 (53 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,600 m (5,200 ft) |
| Palo batho (2016 census) | |
| • Total | 330,760 |
| • Density | 2,397/km2 (6,210/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Climate | Cwb |
Go tswa kwa tshimologong Maseru e ne e le toropo e e neng e tsamaisiwa ka ditsamaiso tsa puso magareng ga ngwaga wa 1969 go ya ko 1971, pele ga tsamaiso ya Basutoland e fetolelwa kwa go ya Cape Colony. Ka nako ya puso ya bone magareng ga dingwaga tsa 1871 le 1884, Basutoland e ne e tsewa jaaka nngwe ya dikgaolo tse di tsentsweng mo kgatelelong/ kutlobotlhoko e e feteletseng ke Basotho.[3] Se se ne sa baka dintwa tsa ditlhobolo ka ngwaga wa 1881 mo go neng ga baka tshenyo ya dikago ka molelo mo Maseru. ka ngwaga 1884, Basutoland e ne ya ya buselediwa maemo a yone jaaka Crown colony, Mme Maseru a dirwa motsemogolo gape. ka Basutoland e neng e tsaya boipuso e ne ya nna bogosi jwa Lesotho ka 1966, mme Maseru a sala e ntse e le motsemogolo .[4]
Pele ga Lesotho e tsaya boipuso, Maseru o ne a le monnye; o ne ale mo melelwaneng e e tlhalositsweng sentle ya bokolone mme o ne a sena sebaka sa go gola, fa Boritane ba ne ba sena kgatlhego ya go tlhabolola toropo ee. Morago 1966 Maseru o ne a gola ka bonako: lefelo le le ne la atlologa ga supa, go tswa mo go dikilometareng tse di masome mabedi (7.7 sq mi) go ya kwa le goletseng teng mo bogompienong ka dikilometera di le 138 (53 sq mi), ka ntlha ya go kopanngwa ga metse le metsana e e neng e le gaufi le toropo ka boyone.[4] Dipalo tsa koketsego ya batho tsa ngwaga le ngwaga e ne ya nna 7% dingwagangwaga, pele ga di fokotsega go nna 3.5% bo dingwageng tsa 1986 le 1996.[4]
Morago ga ditlhopho tsa mapalamente tsa 1998 kwa Lesotho go ne ga ipelaetswa fa go nnile le tsietso ya ditlhopho le go tsenelelwa ke masole a Aforika Borwa mo go neng ga baka tshenyo e ntsi mo toropong, dikhuduego le go thukutha.[5] Ditshenyegelo tsa go baakanya tshenyo e e dirilweng mo motseng di ne tsa akanyediwa go nna dibilione di le pedi tsa di-rand (didolara di le dimilione di le 350),[6] go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2008, ditlamorago tsa dikhuduego di ne di sa ntse di bonwa mo motseng.[7]
Boalo jwa lefatshe
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Maseru ke toropo e e fitlhelwang mo bokonebophirima jwa Lesotho go bapa le molelwane wa Aforika Borwa, o o bapileng le Noka ya Mohokare. Noka ya Mohokare e itsege gape ka leina la Noka ya Caledon. Mafatshe a mabedi a, a golagantswe ke molelwane wa borogo jwa Maseru, jo bo kgabaganyang noka. Mo letlhakoreng la Aforika Borwa, go na le toropo ya Ladybrand gaufi le Maseru. Toropo e e iphaphathile ka mokgatšha o o seng boteng kwa tlase ga thaba ya Hlabeng-Sa-Likhama, kwa tlase ga Dithaba tsa Maloti. Motse o o tsholetsegile mo boleeleng mo jwa dimetara di le 1,600 (5,200 kwa godimo godimo ga lewatle.[8] Toropo e e bophara jwa dikilometaradi le 138 (53 sq mi).[4]
Tsa Tepo Loapi
fetolaMaseru o itsege ka mohuta wa tepo loapi o o tlwaelesegileng wa subtropical highland climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb/Cwb), mme toropo e, e itsege ka selemo se se bothitho, se kopane le dipula le mariga a a tsididi ka komelelo. Selekanyo sa mogote ka selemo se tsamaya mo go 22 °C (72 °F) go tswa mo kgweding ya Morule go ema ka Mopitlo mo borweng jwa lefatshe leo. Ka paka ya mariga go simolola ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo go fitlhelela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse, selelkanyo sa mogote e nna 9 °C (48 °F) . Kgwedi e leng mogote thata ke Hirikgong, ka selekanyo sa mogote se se leng magareng ga 15 and 33 °C (59 and 91 °F) . Mo kgweding e e tsididi thata ya Phukwi, selekanyo sa mogote se tsamaya magareng ga −3 to 17 °C (27 to 63 °F) .[9] Selekanyo sa pula se magareng ga 3 mm ka Phukwi go ya go 111 millimetres (4.4 in) ka Hirikgong.[9]
Dipalopalo tsa baagi
fetolaPalo ya batho ya bosheng (2016) e supa palo ya banni ba toropo e le 330,760, kgotsa mo e ka nnang lesome la palo ya batho botlhe ba lefatshe leo, le sephatlo sa palo ya batho botlhe ba ba nnang mo do toropong. Palo ya batho botlhe ba ba nnang mo toropong e ne e le 98,017 go ya ka palobatho ya 1986, le 137,837 go ya ka Palobatho ya 1996, go supa kgolo e e feteletseng ya toropo morago ga go tsaya boipuso.
Seporo sa terena, se se agilweng ka ngwaga wa 1905, se kgabaganya Noka ya Mohokare go golaganya Maseru le Marseilles mo seporo se segolo sa Bloemfontein-Bethlehem sa Aforika Borwa.
Kingsway ke tsela ya ntlha go dirwa kwa Lesotho mme e kopanya lebala la difofane la Leabua Jonathan, le jaanong e leng Mejametalana Airport le Royal Palace kwa Maseru. Kwa tshimologong tsela ee e ne e le mmu fela, mme e ne ya tlhabololwa ka 1947 ka ntlha ya ketelo ya maloko a Lelapa la Segosi la Boritane.[11] E ne ya nna yone tsela e le nngwe fela e e tlhabolotsweng mo lefatsheng go fitlhela Lesotho e tsaya boipuso ka 1966. Ditsela tse pedi tse ditona di tswang mo Maseru ke Main North 1 kwa bokonebotlhaba le Main South 1 kwa borwabotlhaba go ya kwa Mazenod le Roma. Tsela ya N8 ya Aforika Borwa e tswa kwa molelwaneng wa Maseru Bridge go ya kwa bophirima e lebile Ladybrand le Bloemfontein.
Lebala la difofane la boditšhabatšhaba le le bidiwang Moshoeshoe I International le gaufi, le Thoteng-ea-Moli, Mazenod. Yunibesithi ya Bosetšhaba ya Lesotho e fitlhelwa kwa Roma, dikilometara di le 32 (20 mi) go tswa kwa Maseru.
Ikonomi
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Tsa papadi di ikaegile ka dikgaolo tse pedi tse di tlhabolotsweng tse di bapileng go dikologa Kingsway mme di dira jaaka mafelo a magolo a papadi le madirelo a athamileng ditiro mo toropong. Mo kgaolong ya bophirima ya kgwebo go fitlhelwa dikago tse ditona tsa dikantoro, mabenkele le dibanka di le mmalwa. Kgaolo ya kgwebo ya botlhaba e na le dikgwebo tse dinnye, mebaraka le barekisi ba mo mekgatheng. Dikgaolo tsa kgwebo tsa bogare ke mafelo a magolo a a thamileng ditiro mo toropong.[12]
Ikonomi ya Maseru ke e e golang ka lobelo lo logolo, mo go bonagalang thata mo mohameng peeletso ya mafatshe a sele le bojanala fa e sale e tsaya boipuso go tswa mo lefatsheng la Boritane, le tshenyego ya ikonomi ka nako ya gorunyega ga dikhuduego tsa sepolotiki ka ngwaga 1998. Fa e sale ka dikhuduego tseo, motse o ntse o dira ka natla go fedisa tshenyo e di ebakilweng.
Madirelo a Maseru a kgaogantswe ka dikarolo tse pedi tse dikgolo. Amangwe a a leng kwa bokone jwa dikgaolo tsa kgwebo tsa legare mo tseleng ya Moshoeshoe a na le Madirelo a boupe le dikhampani tse dingwe tse dikgolo. Lefapha le lengwe la madirelo le kwa borwa jwa dikgaolo tsa kgwebo tsa bogare, kwa kgaolong ya Thetsane, mme a na le dikompone tsa matsela le ditlhako.
Go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2004, Maseru o ne a na le madirelo a matsela a a golang a a neng a rotloediwa ke kompone go tswa Chaina ebile e beeleditse mo go one. Fa e sale ditumalano le dithulaganyo tsa Multi Fibre di fela, madirelo a matsela kwa Lesotho a fokotsegile. Dithoto tsa toropokgolo di kile tsa bo di akaretsa dikerese, dikhapete le ditlamelo tsa mohair mme di ile tsa sirwa ke madirelo a Aforika Borwa.
Mafelo a kobamelo
fetolaMo Mafelong a kobamelo, go na le dikereke le ditempele tsa Bakeresete e bong: Apostolic Faith Mission go tswa Afoika Borwa, Zion Christian Church, Anglican Church of South Africa. Gape go na le mafelo a Bamoseleme a Bamoslem.
Dikago
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Bontsi jwa matlo a a ruletsweng ka bojang a a bidiwang rantafole a emiseditswe ka matlo a sesha a a agilweng ka ditena mme a na le motswakonyana wa kago tsa setso.Mo bosheng go ne ga nna le dikago tse dintsha mo bogareng jwa toropo thata kago e e kgabaganyang bogare jwa LNDC e jaanong e nang le Good times cafe, lebenkele la Vodacom, dikantoro le kago e ncha ya lephata la tsa botsogo e e fedileng mafelelong a ngwaga wa 2007.
Dikago tse di sentsweng ka nako ya dikhuduego tsa sepolotiki tsa 1998 di agilwe sesha mme di na le mabenkele a a tshwanang le Fruits and Veg City, Woolworths le Mr Price go umaka a le mmalwa. Lefelo la metshameko la bodichaba la New Lehakoe, le le fa gare ga Central Bank of Lesotho le kago ya palamente ya bakolone le na le mabala a thenese, dibata tsa go thuma, mafelo a dikhonferense, dibara le di-gymnasium. Ka ngwaga wa 2009 ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaatsele, Pioneer Mall e ne ya bulwa, mme le tla ka mokgwa wa theko le thekiso wa Aforika Borwa mo Maseru , mme le na le mabentlele a mantsi jaaka ntlo ya ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego e e nang le ditelebishene di le nne - e moragonyana e neng ya tswalwa - le mangwe marekisetso a dijo. Pioneer Mall e ne ya bulela go agiwa ga dikago tsa segompieno mo toropong, jaaka Maseru mall le City Square center
Go na le dikago dingwe tse di saleng di nna teng ka nako ya bokolone go dikologa bogare jwa toropo, segolobogolo Cathedral of Our Lady of Victories ya Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maseru, le Anglican St. John's Church. Matlotlo a mangwe a akaretsa Ntlo ya Bogosi, kago ya Palamente le Ntlo ya Puso.[13]
Metshameko
fetolaLebala la metshameko la setšhaba la Lesotho, lebala la metshameko le le bidiwang Setsotso le fitlhelwa kwa Maseru. Le kgona go tsenya batho ba le 20 000 go ya go 25 000. Lebala leno la metshameko le dirisediwa thata metshameko ya kgwele ya dinao mme le na le go tshegetsa metshameko ya setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa kgwele ya dinao sa Lesotho, mme gape se na le ditiragalo tsa mabelo[14]
Ditlhopha di le lesome le bobedi (12) mo go tse di lesome le borataro 1(6) tse di tshamekang mo Lesotho Premier League di nna kwa Maseru.[15] Go tloga ka 2020[update], dikgaisano di le masome mararo le borataro(36) mo go tse di masome matlhano le bongwe (51) tse di neng di gaisana mo dikgaisanong tsa premier league di ile kwa ditlhopheng tsa Maseru. Se se atlegileng thata mo go tsone e ne e le Matlama FC e e nang le diphenyo di le lesome tsa kgwele mme se latelwa ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa Royal Lesotho Defence Force, se se nang le diphenyo di robabobedi tsa kgwele.
Ditoropo tse pedi - ditoropo tse di tshwanang
fetolaLenaane la Ditoropo tse di tshwanang le Maseru, tse di tlhophilweng ke Sister Cities International.
Metswedi
fetola- ↑ Sam Romaya; Alison Brown (April 1999). "City profile: Maseru, Lesotho". Cities. 16 (2): 123–133. doi:10.1016/S0264-2751(98)00046-8.
- ↑ A. Mabille; H. Dieterlen (1993). Southern Sotho English Dictionary (reclassified, revised and enlarged by R. A. Paroz; 1950 ed.). Morija: Morija Sesuto Book Depot. p. 349.
- ↑ . p. 118.
{{cite book}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 . pp. 180.
{{cite book}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ "It All Went Wrong". pp. 49.
- ↑ "Lesotho billed for South African intervention".
- ↑ "Straw men".
- ↑ . p. 521.
{{cite book}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 9.0 9.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedeiu - ↑ Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. "Lesotho - Maseru" (PDF). Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931-1960) (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. p. 166. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 27, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
- ↑ Fitzpatrick et al. 2004, p. 522
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedcities - ↑ "SADC Summit 2006". Southern African Development Community. Retrieved 2008-04-15.
- ↑ "Setsoto Stadium to Be Revamped". Lesotho Ministry of Communications, Science and Technology. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2008-04-14.
- ↑ "Lesotho Teams". Lesotho Football Association. Archived from the original on 2008-09-07. Retrieved 2008-04-13.