Wikipedia

Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

Winnie Madikizela-Mandela o o itsegeng gape ka leina la Winnie Mandela, o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1936 ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro[1] ka leina la Nomzamo Zanyiwe Madikizela, mme a tlhokafala ka letsatsi la bobedi la kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2018.[2] E ne e le molwela ditshwanelo ebile e le lepolotiki kwa lefatsheng la Aforika Borwa. E ne ele mosadi wa bobedi wa ga Nelson Mandela. O nnile mopalamente go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1994 go tsena ka 2003,[3] gape ka 2009 go fitlhelela a tlhokafala,[4] o nnile mothusa tona wa botaki le ngwao go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1994 go tsena ka 1996. E ne e le leloko la phathi ya sepolotiki ya African national Congress (ANC), o ne a bereka mo phathing e le leloko la komiti ya baeteledipele ebile a eteletse pele lekgotla la bomme. Madikizela-Mandela o ne a itsege e le "mma sechaba" ke balatedi ba gagwe.[5]

Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
Mandela in 1996
Tsalo
Nomzamo Winifred Zanyiwe Madikizela

(1936-09-26)26 Lwetse 1936
Mbizana, Cape Province, Union of South Africa
Leso2 Moranang 2018(2018-04-02) (aged 81)
Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
Resting placeFourways Memorial Park Cemetery
Alma mater
Tiro
OfficeMember of the National Assembly of South Africa
Mosadi
​
​
(m. 1958; div. 1996)​
Bana


O tsholetswe mo lolwapeng lwa bogosi la lotso lwa seXhosa[6] kwa Bizana, o ne a na le dithutego tsa social work, a tsena mo nyalong dingwaga di le masome a mararo le boferabobedi le molwela ditshwanelo kgatllhanong le tlhaolele Nelson Mandela kwa Jhannesburg ka ngwaga wa 1958, mme ba nna le bana ba le babedi mmogo. Morago ga go tlhatlhelwa mo kgolegelong ga ga Mandela, o ne a nna ene moemedi wa gagwe mo sechabeng dingwaga tse di masome a mabedi le bosupa tse a di ntseng kwa kgolegelong. Ka nako e o, o ne a tuma mo mererong ya go nna kgatlhanong le kgethololo. Madikizela-Mandela o tshwerwe ke lephata la tshireletso makgetho a le mantsi,o ne a tlhokofadiwa,[7] a idiwa go ya mafelong mangwe go akaretsa le toropo-selegae nngwe, mme o feditse dikgwedi di le mmalwa a tswaletswe a le esi.[8]


Nelson Mandela o ne a bulelwa kwa kgolegelong ka ngwaga wa 1990 Tlhakole a le malatsi a le lesome le motso, mme ene le Madikizela- Mandela ba kgaogana ka ngwaga wa 1992; tlhalano ya bone ya felelediwa ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa 1996. O ne a etela Mandela ka nako ya fa a lwala.[9]Ka a ne a le leloko la maemo la ANC, o ne a tsaya karolo mo pusong ya ANC ya morago ga puso ya kgethololo, le fa a ne a rolwa marapo ka ntlha ya menahune ya tshenyetso sechaba.[10] Ka ngwaga wa 2003, madikizela-mandela o ne a lebisiwa molato wa bogodu le wa tsietso, mme a a ikgogela morago mo polotiking ka nakwana pele ga a boa moragonyana ga dingwaga.[3][4]

Thuto le fa a ntse a gola

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Leina la ga Madikizela-Mandela la puo ya seXhosa e ne e le Nomzamo. O tsholetswe kwa motseng wa Mbhongweni,[11]Bizana, pondoland kwa jaanong eleng province ya Eastern Cape. E ne e le ngwana wa botlhano mo baneng ba ferabongwe, basetsana ba supa le kgaitsadiabone a le mongwe. Batsadi ba gagwe, Columbus le Gertrude, ba batsadi ba bone ba borre ba neng ba le basweu ba bomme e le ba lotso lwa Xhosa,[12] e ne e le barutabana. Columbus o ne a ruta ditso e bile a le mogokgo fa Getrude a ne a ruta maranyane a mo gae. Getrude o ne a tlhokafala Winnie a le dingwaga di ferabongwe, se se ne sa baka go thubega ga lolwapa ka bana ba bangwe ba ne ba ya go nna le masika. Madikizela-Mandela o ne a nna moeteledipele wa baithuti kwa sekolong se segolwane saa Bizana.[13][14]


Morago ga go tlogela sekolo, o ne a ya kwa Johannesburg o ithuta boipelego kwa Jan Hofmeyr School of Social Work.[15] O ne a aloga ka digarata ka ngwaga wa 1956 mme dingwaga tse di masome tse di latelang a aloga ka digarata tsa International Relations kwa University of Witwatersrand.[16]


O berekile ditiro tse di farologaneng kwa Bantustan kwa Transkei a nna kwa Bizana, Shawbury le Johannesburg. Tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha e le mmaboipelego e ne e le kwa sepateleng sa Baragwanath kwa Soweto.[17]

Lonyalo lwa gagwe le Nelson Mandela

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Madikizela o kopane le mmueledi ebile a le kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele Nelson Mandela ka ngwaga wa 1957, fa Mandela a santse a le mo lonyalong le Evelyn Mase.[18] O ne a le dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bobedi a eme kwa maemelong a dipalamo kwa Soweto fa Mandela a mmona lantlha mme a mo kgatlhegela, ba dumalana go ja dijo tsa motshegare beke e e latelang.[9] Bobedi bo ba ne ba nyalana ka ngwaga wa 1958 ba nna le bana ba le babedi Zenani ka 1958 le Zindziswa ka 1960. Mandela o ne a tshwarwa a bo a tlhatlhelwa ka ngwaga wa 1963 mme a seka a bulelwa go fitlhelela ka 1990.[19]


Bobedi bo ne jwa kgaogana ka ngwaga wa 1992, ba feleletsa tlhalano ka Mopitlo 1996. Ka nako ya tlhalano, Nelson Mandela o ne a gana mogopolo wa ga Madikizela-Mandela wa gore tsereganyo e ka thusa lonyalo lwa bone, mme a supa fa go tlhoka go nna boikanyego ga ga Madikizela-Mandela go bakile tlhalo,[20] a re o ikaelela go fedisa lonyalo.[20]


Fa Madikizela-Mandela a bodiwa ka kgonagalo ya go boelana mo potso-puisanong ya ngwaga wa 1994, o ne a re ga a lwele go nna mohumagadi wa ga tautona.[21]


Madikizela-Mandela o ne a amega mo tshekong ka nako ya gagwe ya fa a tlhokafala, a supa fa a tshwanetswe ke lolwapa lwa ga Mandela lo lo kwa Qunu ka molao wa lekgotla, le ntswa a ne a tlhalane le Mandela ka 1996. Tsheko ya gagwe e ne ya tshololwa ke kgotlatshekelo ya Mthatha ka 2016,[22] mme ga begwa fa a ne a baakanyetsa go ikuela kwa kgotlatshekelong ya molaomotheo ka nako ya loso lwa gagwe ka a ne a reteletswe kwa kgotlatshekelo e kgolo ka Firikgong 2018.[23][24][25][10]

Metswedi

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  1. ↑ "Winnie Mandela". www.nndb.com.
  2. ↑ "Anti-apartheid campaigner Winnie Mandela dies, aged 81". Sky News. 2 April 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Butcher, Tim (25 April 2003). "Winnie Mandela given five-year jail sentence". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Jacob Zuma set for presidency". Brandsouthafrica.com. 7 May 2009. Archived from the original on 4 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  5. ↑ Lusher, Adam (2 April 2018). "From 'Mother of the Nation' to 'mugger': The turbulent life of South Africa's Winnie Mandela". The Independent.
  6. ↑ Sehloho, Matshepo (3 April 2018). "Winnie was born Mpondo princess from an important Eastern Cape family". 702.
  7. ↑ Beresford, David; Vat, Dan van der (2 April 2018). "Winnie Madikizela-Mandela obituary". The Guardian.
  8. ↑ "Opinion – The conscience of a nation that has forgotten apartheid". The Mercury.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Smith, David (6 December 2013). "Nelson and Winnie Mandela's marriage ended, but the bond was never broken". The Guardian.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Pillay, Verashni. "Five times Winnie Mandela has let us down". Mail and Guardian.
  11. ↑ Madikizela-Mandela profile. Sahistory.org.za. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  12. ↑ French, Mary Ann (30 April 1994). "The Resurrected Winnie Mandela". Washingtonpost.com.
  13. ↑ "Winnie Mandela died on April 2nd". The Economist.
  14. ↑ Jagarnath, Vashna. "Nomzamo from Bizana: remembering Winnie Madikizela as a young woman". The Conversation.
  15. ↑ Van Wyk, Chris (2003). Winnie Madikizela-Mandela. Awareness Publishing. pp. 5–9. ISBN 1-919910-12-3.
  16. ↑ "Winnie graduates after 38yrs". News24. Archived from the original on 15 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
  17. ↑ Preez Bezdrob, Anné Mariè (2015). Winnie Mandela: A Life. South Africa: Penguin Random House. ISBN 978-1868729265.
  18. ↑ Staff (2 April 2018). "Obituary: Winnie Madikizela-Mandela of South Africa". BBC News Online. BBC. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  19. ↑ Wootson, Cleve R. Jr. (2 April 2018). "Winnie and Nelson Mandela's marriage survived three decades of prison – but not freedom". Washingtonpost.com.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Block, Robert (19 March 1996). "Mandela: Winnie made me the loneliest man". The Independent. Archived from the original on 4 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  21. ↑ Pereira, Derwin (22 June 1994). "'Invest to rebuild S. Africa' call by Winnie Mandela". Pretoria. Archived from the original on 25 December 2014.
  22. ↑ Agency. "Winnie loses court battle over Mandela Qunu home". Mail and Guardian.
  23. ↑ "Winnie loses appeal in battle for Madiba's Qunu homestead". News24. 19 January 2018. Archived from the original on 4 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  24. ↑ Hlatshaneni, Simnikiwe (4 April 2018). "Mama Winnie's dying wish". The Citizen.
  25. ↑ Sifile, Lindile (4 April 2018). "#WinnieMandela bodyguard reveals her final moments". The Star.
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