Chobe National Park

Lefelo la diphologolo le bojanala le le mo Botswana

Chobe National Park ke lefelo la tshomarelo di tsatlholego la ntlha mo Botswana ebile mefuta ya ditsatlholego e feta ya mafelo a mangwe. Lefelo le le leng mo kgaolong ya Bokone jwa lefatshe, le latela Central Kalahari Game Reserve ga mmogo le Gemsbok National Park ka botona ebile ke lengwe la mafelo a a nang le palo e kgolo ya diphologolo mo Aferika.

Chobe National Park
Wildebeest and zebras in Chobe National Park
Map showing the location of Chobe National Park
Map showing the location of Chobe National Park
LefeloBotswana
Toropo e gaufiKasane
Coordinates18°40′S 24°30′E / 18.667°S 24.500°E / -18.667; 24.500Coordinates: 18°40′S 24°30′E / 18.667°S 24.500°E / -18.667; 24.500
Area11,700 km2 (4,500 sq mi)
Motheo1967

Serapa se na le dinonyane tse di farologaneng mo godimo ga dikwena, dikubu, ditau le di-lechwes.[1] Serapa se na le palo e kgolo ya ditlou mo kontinenteng ya Afrika.[2] Serapa se atologa ka disekwerekilometara di ka nna 10,600 go tswa kwa Kasane go ya kwa Savuti, serapa seno se akaretsa dikarolo tsa sekaka, ditsobotla le sekgwa, ke karolo ya Kalahari, ka jalo se na le tikologo e e omeletseng, mo karolong e e kwa bokone go kgabaganya dinoka tsa Chobe le Linyati.[3] Go tloga ka bo 1960 go ya pele, palo ya ditlou mo lefelong leo e ne ya oketsega fa mefuta e mengwe ya diamusi e ne e farologana go le gonnye, ka dingwe di ne tsa fokotsega ka palo mme tse dingwe di ne di oketsega.[4]

Mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1960, lefelo le le neng le na le mefuta e megolo ya diamusi di le 38. Ka 1974, Mikaelelo Game Reserve e ne ya okediwa mo parakeng. Ka 1964, phaka e ne ya bulelwa batho botlhe mme ya nna lefelo le le ngokang bajanala le mo go lone e neng ya amogela baeti ba le 2500 mo ngwageng wa ntlha wa go bulwa.[5] Nngwe ya dikarolo tsa serapa sa bosetšhaba ke Savuti Marsh, e e nang le bojang jo bo telele jo bo leng gaufi le Madabe Depression, letsha la bogologolo kwa bokone jwa naga.[6] Go ya ka tshedimosetso e e tswang kwa UNESCO World Heritage Center, Chobe National Park ke phaka ya bosetšhaba ya boraro ka bogolo mo Botswana.[7]

Mabala a merwalela a a mo teng ga Chobe National Park a fetogile mo lobakeng lwa dingwaga di le 40, mo dimela tse di tshwanang le Cynodon dactylon le Vetiveria nigritana di okametseng lefelo la National Park.[8] Go ya ka dipalopalo tsa National Geographic, National Park e ne e na le ditlou tse di fopholediwang go 120 000 mo dingwageng tsa bo 2000.[9] Morago ga patlisiso ya 2005, go ne ga lemogiwa gore 60% ya bajanala ba ba neng ba etela mafelo a a sireleditsweng a tlholego a kwa bokone jwa Botswana ba ne ba etetse Chobe National Park.[10] Mo dikgaolong tse di kwa kgakala tsa phaka, jaaka Avuti Marshes, mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang ya Dintša tsa Naga tsa Aforika (Lycaon pictus) e ka bonwa.[1]

Tlholego fetola

Ditau di ja letsomo
Hippopotamus in Chobe
Jackal Pup
Southern African cheetah
White-backed vultures (Gyps africanus) near the Cuando River
Common warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) on the banks of the Chobe River

Banni ba ntlha ba lefelo le e ne e le Basarwa. E ne e le batho ba ba hudugang kgapetsa kgapetsa ba tsoma diphologo, ba senka maungo ga mmogo le metsi. Mo nakong ya gompieno, botaki jwa Basarwa bo a bonala mo mantsweng a a leng mo lefelong leo.

Ka ngwaga wa 1901, kgaolo e e neng ya nna Botswana e ne ya kgaoganngwa mme lefelo le ya nna la puso. At the beginning of the 20th century, the region that would become Botswana was divided into different land tenure systems. Ka ngwaga wa 1931, ga tswa mogopolo wa go dira lefelo le le tlaa somarelang di tsatlholego ka mefuta. Ngwaga o latelang, gone kganelwa go tsoma mo dikilomethareng di le 24 000 mo kgaolong ya Chobe, mme dikhilomethara tse di ne tsa okediwa go tshwara 31 600 ngwaga tse pedi tse di latelang.

Ka ngwaga wa 1943, ga nna le tsetse e ntsi mo kgaolong, mo go neng ga busetsa morago tshimologo ya lefelo le. Ka ngwaga wa 1953, goromente o ne a biela mo tirong e: dikhilomethara di le 21,000 ya nna lefelo la tlhokomelo ya diphologolo. Chobe Game Reserve e ne ya tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa 1960, le fa lefelo la teng le ne le le lennye go na le jaaka go ne go eleditswe. Ka ngwaga wa 1967, lefelo le ne la dirwa lefelo la tshomarelo di tsatlholego.[11]

Ka nako eo, go ne go na le metse ya madirelo e le mmalwa, bogolo jang kwa Serondela, ko madirelong a legong a godileng teng. Metse e e ne ya huduga ka iketlo go tswa mo lefelong le, mme ka ngwaga wa 1975 go ne go sena batho mo lefelong le. Mo bo gompienong, masalela a madirelo ao a santse a bonala hale le hale kwa Serondela. Dikoketsego tse di potlana tsa lefelo le di nnile teng ka dingwaga tsa 1980 le 1987.

Serapa seno sa bosetšhaba se na le palo e kgolo ya ditlou mo Botswana.[12] Ka 1994, World Wide Fund for Nature e ne ya thusa puso ya Botswana go baakanyetsa leano la taolo ya palo ya ditlou tsa serapa sa bosetšhaba.[13] Gaufi le Serondela, go begilwe mefuta e ka nna 450 ya dinonyane go bapa le noka jaaka di-skimmers le di- Stork.[14] Nngwe ya mafelo a serapa sa bosetšhaba ke Savuti e e mo karolong e e ka fa bophirima jwa serapa, lefelo leno le na le dimela tse di nang le dikgong le dimela jaaka Vachellia erioloba, mo godimo ga Noka ya Savuti, e e neng e elela mo serapeng gangwe le gape go fitlha ka dingwaga tsa bo 1880, noka eno e ne ya kgala ka 1958. Go tloga ka ngwaga oo go ya pele, noka e ne ya simolola go elela mo parakeng ngwaga le ngwaga go fitlha ka 1981, fa e emisa go elela.[15]

 
The Savuti Marsh seen from space in May 2012
 
A baby African bush elephant on the banks of the Chobe River

Bona fetola

Metswedi fetola

  1. 1.0 1.1 Zyl, Melanie. "Botswana's 4 unmissable national parks are truly wild". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  2. Berry, Oliver. "World's most dangerous animals". Times Travel. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  3. Rattray, Gordon (2009). Access Africa: Safaris for People with Limited Mobility (in Sekgoa). Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-286-6.
  4. Skarpe, Christina; Toit, Johan T. du; Moe, Stein R. (2014-04-02). Elephants and Savanna Woodland Ecosystems: A Study from Chobe National Park, Botswana (in Sekgoa). John Wiley & Sons. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-118-85858-5.
  5. Child, Brian; Suich, Helen; Anna, Spenceley (2012-05-04). Evolution and Innovation in Wildlife Conservation: Parks and Game Ranches to Transfrontier Conservation Areas (in Sekgoa). Routledge. pp. 58–59. ISBN 978-1-136-56609-7.
  6. Bothma, Jacobus du P.; Walker, Clive (2013-11-11). Larger Carnivores of the African Savannas (in Sekgoa). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-662-03766-9.
  7. "Chobe Linyanti System". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  8. Dipotso, F. M.; Skarpe, C. (2006-04-01). "Population status and distribution of puku in a changing riverfront habitat in northern Botswana". South African Journal of Wildlife Research. 36 (1): 89–97. doi:10.10520/EJC117225.
  9. Downs, Roger M.; Day, Frederick A. (2005). National Geographic Almanac of Geography (in Sekgoa). National Geographic. ISBN 978-0-7922-6834-5.
  10. Mogende, Emmanuel; Naomi, Moswete (2019). "Stakeholder perceptions on the environmental impacts of wildlife-based tourism at the Chobe National Park River Front, Botswana". Botswana Journal of African Studies (in Sekgoa). 32 (1): 50.
  11. Compion, Shem (2012). Insider's Guide: Top Wildlife Photography Spots in Botswana and Namibia (in Sekgoa). Jacana Media. p. 81. ISBN 978-1-4314-0259-5. The Chobe National Park was officialy established in 1967, but since most of the land was already protected, the area has in effect been under conservation since the early 1930s.
  12. Houten, Carolyn (2019). "Botswana, land of elephants". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  13. African Elephants--coral Reefs: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, on H.R. 39 ... and H. Con. Res. 8 ... March 13, 1997--Washington, DC (in Sekgoa). U.S. Government Printing Office. 1997. ISBN 978-0-16-054985-4.
  14. Riley, Laura; Riley, William (2005). Nature's Strongholds: The World's Great Wildlife Reserves (in Sekgoa). Princeton University Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-0-691-12219-9.
  15. Barnes, Myra E. (2001). "Effects of large herbivores and fire on the regeneration of Acacia erioloba woodlands in Chobe National Park, Botswana". African Journal of Ecology. 39 (4): 340–350. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2028.2001.00325.x. ISSN 0141-6707.

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